Adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD) is a rare inflammatory disorder that primarily affects adults. It is also known as systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis when it occurs in children. The cause of AOSD is not yet fully understood, but it is believed to be an autoimmune disorder, in which the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues in the body.
The symptoms of AOSD can include fever, joint pain and swelling, rash, sore throat, and fatigue. These symptoms can come and go, and their severity can vary widely. In some cases, AOSD can cause complications such as inflammation of the heart or lungs
High fever: People with AOSD often experience high, spiking fevers that can reach up to 104°F (40°C) or higher. These fevers can come and go and may last for weeks or even months.
Joint pain and swelling: Many people with AOSD experience painful and swollen joints, especially in the wrists, knees, and ankles.
Rash: A characteristic rash that appears on the trunk and limbs is a common symptom of
AOSD: The rash can be pink or salmon-coloured and may come and go.
Sore throat: A sore throat or swollen lymph nodes in the neck may be present in some people with AOSD.
Fatigue: People with AOSD often feel extremely tired and may have difficulty performing daily activities.
Muscle pain: Some people with AOSD experience muscle pain and weakness. Abdominal pain: In some cases, AOSD can cause abdominal pain and swelling
There is growing evidence that suggests a link between Adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD) and gut health. The gut microbiome, which is the collection of microorganisms that live in the digestive tract, plays an important role in immune system function and inflammation. Abnormalities in the gut microbiome have been observed in people with AOSD.
Studies have found that people with AOSD have a higher prevalence of intestinal dysbiosis, which is an imbalance of the gut microbiome. This dysbiosis is characterized by a decrease in beneficial bacteria and an increase in harmful bacteria. The dysbiosis can lead to increased intestinal permeability, or “leaky gut,” which allows harmful bacteria and toxins to enter the bloodstream, triggering inflammation and immune system activation.
Furthermore, research has shown that certain gut bacteria, such as Prevotella and Klebsiella, may be associated with the development and progression of AOSD. These bacteria can produce antigens that trigger an immune response in people with AOSD.
While the exact mechanisms linking AOSD and gut health are not fully understood, there is growing interest in the potential for gut-targeted therapies to improve outcomes in AOSD. Some studies have suggested that probiotics, prebiotics, or dietary interventions may help restore gut microbiome balance and reduce inflammation in people with AOSD
Management: The management of Adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD) typically involves a combination of medications and supportive care. The goals of treatment are to control inflammation, relieve symptoms, and prevent complications. Here are some common management strategies for AOSD:
Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen, can help relieve pain and inflammation. Corticosteroids, such as prednisone, can also be used to reduce inflammation. Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), such as methotrexate or sulfasalazine, can help control inflammation and prevent joint damage. Biologic therapies, such as tocilizumab or anakinra, may also be used for more severe cases.
Supportive care: Rest and adequate sleep are important for managing AOSD. Physical therapy can help improve joint flexibility and strength. Occupational therapy can help with activities of daily living and work modifications.
Diet: Eating a healthy, balanced diet can help reduce inflammation and support overall health. Avoiding processed foods and excessive alcohol consumption may also be helpful.
Emotional support: AOSD can be a challenging condition to live with, and emotional support can be helpful. Support groups, counselling, or therapy may be helpful for some people.
Follow-up care: Regular follow-up appointments with a rheumatologist or other healthcare provider are important to monitor disease activity and adjust treatment.
– Written By: Janvi Chitalia
She is a renowned Integrative Gut Microbiome Health Coach and Functional Medicine Nutritionist in Mumbai. Email: contact@janvichitalia.com
